What Is A SERPs Pension And Should You Opt Out Of One?

Throughout the last decades, there have been many different options for pension schemes, both private and governmentally-run.

Numerous changes to pensions have also been implemented, changing the way things work. Unfortunately, that means by the time you retire, the current landscape of pension schemes can be very different from the one you paid into and earned, and you need to be able to navigate both.

One pension you may or may not have accrued is the SERPS pension scheme. What is it, what do you need to know about it, and should you opt out if you haven’t already? Read on to learn more.

What is a SERPS Pension?

A SERPS Pension is the “additional state pension” but is more accurately known as the State Earnings Related Pension Scheme.

Basically, this was a secondary pension you could pay into throughout your working life, which would accrue credit and contributions for an additional state pension that would pay out on top of the standard state pension.

You could only pay into it if you were traditionally employed (self-employed individuals could not contribute) and there was an earnings limit below which you could not contribute.

The SERPS Pension was essentially automatic; anyone who earned full Class 1 national insurance contributions earned credit towards the SERPS pension. However, not everyone actually contributed to the SERPS pension; more on that momentarily.

What Happened to the SERPS Pension?

Suppose you’ve noted the use of past tense in the above section; keep a keen eye.

We use the past tense because the SERPS pension scheme ended in 2002. It ran from 1978 to 2002 but was changed to expand eligibility and fairness in that final year.

Specifically, the SERPS Pension was replaced with the Second State Pension, or S2P. The S2P expanded eligibility for those who could pay into the secondary pension, though it still didn’t cover self-employed individuals.

As if that wasn’t complex enough, the S2P program was cancelled in 2016 and replaced with the current state pension system, the New State Pension.

Could You Opt Out of the SERPS Pension?

Not everyone was happy to contribute to the state pension. For one reason or another, many people chose to pay into private pensions instead.

Rather than contribute even more on top of basic state pension and SERPS pension, you could opt out – or technically, “contract out” – your SERPS pension contributions.

Essentially, this meant that you would still pay those contributions, but rather than going to SERPS, they would go to your private pension.

These protected rights pensions were ideally larger than what you would get from SERPS, and as the government did not manage them, they also had potential secondary benefits.

For example, it could also lower the amount you and your employer contributed to NIC, giving you more money in your pocket at the time.

Whether or not you opted out of the SERPS pension varied. Some workplaces and employers would contract you automatically into their pension rather than SERPS. Some gave you the option to.

Some allowed it but didn’t advertise it, leaving it up to you to do your research, pick a private pension, and invest. Note that there was no way to opt out of the SERPS pension and simply keep the money; you had to invest it somewhere.

Overall, it can be difficult to know if you were contracting out of your SERPS pension without keeping track of that information because the payments generally worked in the same automatic way, and it was largely seamless for workers.

If you contracted out your pension contributions, how they were governed, regulated, and handled in the intervening decade will have varied.

• If your payments were redirected to a defined contribution scheme, like a personal pension, these were labelled protected rights and often had some restrictions on how they could be used in retirement. These rolled over into standard pension benefits in 2012, which is when contracting out your pension payments ceased to be an option for this type of scheme.
• If your payments were redirected to a defined benefit or final salary scheme, they usually had guarantees attached to deliver at least a specific minimum level of benefit, similar to what the SERPS pension would have paid. This helped protect you from ending up with less than you would have if you had not contracted out. These may also be known as guaranteed minimum pensions or reference scheme test benefits. The option to contract into these schemes was ended with the new state pension in 2016.

Can you still opt out of your SERPS pension? No; both of the ways you could contract out were ended, along with the type of pensions. There’s no way to retroactively contract out or opt out of your SERPS pension scheme.

How Do SERPS Contributions Affect Your State Pension?

If you contributed to SERPS during your working life and it is now time to figure out your retirement and pension payments, you may be looking at a complex situation you aren’t fully aware of.

This is made all the more difficult because many employers contracted out SERPS contributions without telling you or only mentioning it in occasional statements you likely forgot or ignored.

If you reached retirement age before 6 April 2016, when the new state pension was introduced, you will receive the old basic state pension payments.

You may also be eligible to receive additional state pension payments, but the amount you may receive will depend on whether or not you were contracted out of the SERPS pension.

On the other hand, if you reached retirement age after 6 April 2016 – or have not yet reached retirement age – you will receive the new state pension instead. This is also a pension that may be reduced if you were contracted out of the SERPS pension scheme.

This is meant to be a simpler system, though if you were right on the cusp of the transition, it often doesn’t feel like it.

To put it all in simpler terms:

• Everyone receives some amount of state pension.
• Everyone who paid into SERPS will receive some additional pension on top of the standard state pension.
• Everyone who contracted out of the SERPS pension scheme will receive less of those additional payments – or even none at all – but likely receives some kind of private pension instead. This may or may not be more than what you would otherwise have received, and it may or may not have additional rules on how it can be disbursed.

For 2024, the current state pension pays £203.85 per week if you qualify for the full payment. For those who paid into SERPS, they may be eligible for up to an additional £204.68 per week if your contributions were maxed out. This includes both SERPS and S2P.

Can You Find an Additional Pension?

If you are receiving a standard pension but no additional pension, either from private sources or from the government under the additional state pension payments system, you may have an additional pension you have not claimed.

Many retirees who opted out of the SERPS pension – especially those who did so automatically due to their employer and are unaware of the fact – may be entitled to more money than they currently receive.

Fortunately, it’s relatively easy to locate these additional pensions. You can use a third-party service or the government’s official pension tracing service.

Alternatively, you can simply send a letter with your information, including your national insurance number, to:

SARS/DPU
National Insurance Contributions & Employers Office
HM Revenue and Customs
BX9 1AN

Your letter should simply state that you wish to track down any pensions the government is aware of, including your SERPS pension. HMRC will respond within 30 days and give you what information they have.

Other options to track down your pension funds, including private pensions, include:

• Contacting previous employers if they still exist. These employers should have records of your employment and what happened with your pension payments. Reach out to their HR departments with your query.
• Check old paperwork. If you still have old pay slips, pension scheme booklets, or correspondence, you may be able to identify where your pension contributions went. You may even be able to find archived bank statements.
• Talk to your bank. They may be able to review old bank statements to identify old pension contributions and where they went. The name of a recipient account can then help you track down who to contact to claim a lost pension.
• Contact old pension providers. It’s possible that you remember the name of a pension provider and can ask them directly if you have a pension with them that you’re eligible to claim.

Identifying any extant pensions you aren’t currently receiving is just the first step to handling your finances in retirement.

Inheriting SERPS Pensions

Another consideration you may have is whether or not you can inherit the SERPS pension of a spouse or if your spouse can inherit your SERPS pension. Unfortunately, the amount that can be inherited depends on when the individual who passed was born and their gender.

To make this easier to visualise, here is this data in a table:

Gender	Date of Birth	Inheritance Percentage
Men	5 October 1937 or earlier	100%
	From 6 October 1937 to 5 October 1939	90%
	From 6 October 1939 to 5 October 1941	80%
	From 6 October 1941 to 5 October 1943	70%
	From 6 October 1943 to 5 October 1945	60%
	From 6 October 1945 onwards	50%
Women	5 October 1942 or earlier	100%
	From 6 October 1942 to 5 October 1944	90%
	From 6 October 1944 to 5 October 1946	80%
	From 6 October 1946 to 5 October 1948	70%
	From 6 October 1948 to 5 July 1950	60%
	From 6 July 1950 onwards	50%

No matter what, you can always inherit 50% of SERPS pensions.

Cashing In a SERPS Pension

Another common question is whether or not you can “cash in” or receive your SERPS pension as a lump sum rather than ongoing disbursements.

The simple answer is no; you cannot cash in your SERPS pension or additional state pension. It’s guaranteed-for-life income, so you receive it on an ongoing basis for as long as you live.

However, if you opted out of SERPS at some point, the private pension you receive instead may have both limitations and the option to cash it in. This varies depending on the kind of pension you’re receiving.

Planning for the Future

Since your pension only lasts as long as you’re alive, and only your spouse can inherit any of it – and even then, usually only half of it – you may be looking for other ways to provide for your family after you’re gone.

For example, if your spouse has already passed, your children don’t get to inherit your pension. The savings and other investments you have can certainly be part of your estate, but is there more you can do?

The answer here is life insurance. While it can be potentially tricky to get life insurance when you’re over 50, there are still many options available, including guaranteed cover.

With life insurance, you pay a relatively small monthly fee to buy cover for a much larger payout should you pass while you’re covered. Those benefits can go to a spouse but also to children, other family members or other beneficiaries of your choosing.

If you’re interested in learning more about live insurance, our blog contains excellent resources and useful information. If you don’t find an answer there, feel free to reach out and ask.

Our insurance experts are always happy to answer any questions you may have and help you with the application process if you need it.

Speaking of applying, we make it easier than ever to get quotes from the country’s biggest and best insurance providers.

Simply fill out this form, and you’ll receive quotes without the hassle of individual applications, making it easier to pick the best cover and protect the future for your loved ones.